The following is the first in a series of mini-work shops intended to enhance AIM’s MBA graduate employability during and after their program of study.
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Module 1Learning Objectives:1. The difference between a resume and a CV
2. Different types of resume
3. What a covering letter is and how to write a good letter
4. Format and style tips for writing a resume
What is a resume and a CV – what is the difference?“Resume is a document containing a summary highlighting the experiences and credentials and education usually written for the purpose of gaining an interview while seeking an employment. Since resume is the first thing that a potential employer encounters regarding the applicant, it carries a great significance.”
A good resume is about self-promotion, but unlike the traditional CV, it is about raising questions rather than trying to answer them.
Occasionally you will see a job advertisement asking for a resume. Although these are more commonly requested in the US, it is useful to learn the techniques of resume.
A resume is short, snappy and to the point. It is a door opener, a piece of personal PR with all the same qualities as any good piece of advertising.
Take a restaurant flyer, for example. A quick glance tells you what is on offer, what the specials are and how to get there. The first person sifting through job applications typically spends only a minute with each resume. Anything you can do to quickly identify yourself as a strong candidate is going to help.
"A good resume raises questions; a CV tries to answer them, there is a fine balance between telling too much and too little".
Types of ResumeA resume may be limited to one or two pages and can be organized in several ways.
Chronological ResumeHighlights a candidate's job experience in reverse chronological order, that is, the main body of the document shows the professional experience beginning from the most recent experience going chronologically backwards through a succession of previous experience. The main aim of a chronological resume is to give an impact of credibility through experience gained.
This type of resume is the most common resume in use.
Functional ResumeA functional resume highlights work experience and skills classified by skill area or job function. The objective of a functional resume is to focus on the skills particular to the kind of position being sought which directly gives weightage to professional capabilities and experiences as a backup. In contrast to chronological resume, functional resume will highlight these competencies and is most suited for jobs that require a particular skill or clearly defined personality traits.
Combination ResumeA combination resume balances both the chronological and functional resumes, which typically leads with a functional list of job skills and then the chronological list of employers.
The Language and style of a Good ResumeA resume is quite short and therefore contains experience directly relevant to the position and many resumes use precise keywords and action words that the employer is seeking for.
A resume should be accomplishment-centered regardless of the format you use - showing not the milestones of your personal history but how you "added value" to each of the situations you were in.
Instead of saying: "spent six months working as database research assistant", you might say, "researched and executed a data management project".
Leaving out pronouns sounds punchier and saves space.
There should be more space for what you did yesterday than what you did two years ago, and you may leave out altogether what you did ten years ago. The most recent events always come first on a resume.
Do not include any of your interests unless they are directly related to the job: the time for this kind of detail is at an interview. As for your life objectives, this should be in a covering letter.
You should not put references on your resume. If an organization wants references they will ask, and this will be a good indication that they are interested in you. When this happens you will find it useful to tailor the referees you offer to the job you are applying for.
At the end of the day, both CVs and resumes are about selling oneself - something that that should server you well as you take the next step in your career.
The Covering Letter – what is it?The cover letter accompanies each resume and it is sensible to devote the needed time and effort to write effective cover letters because the cover letter may either assist in obtaining a job interview or result in having the resume rejected.
A cover letter should complement the resume. Its main objective is to interpret the data-oriented details and add a personal touch. A cover letter creates the first impression, which is the earliest written contact with a potential employer.
Generally there are three types of cover letters.
1. The application letter that responds to a known job opening
2. The prospecting letter that inquires about possible positions
3. The networking letter that requests information and help in job search
The cover letter to be written should be drafted based on the purpose and also the position sought.
A cover letter need not be sent to every potential employer.
An ideal cover letter explains the reasons for the interest in the company and highlights the relevant skills or experience. Cover letters express a high level of interest and knowledge about the position. In a cover letter:
* The first paragraph should explain why a cover letter is written
* Middle paragraph should explain what the applicant has to offer
* The concluding paragraph details how the candidate would follow up
The language and style of the covering letter
In the case of a prospective letter, which is an unsolicited letter, it is important to capture the attention of the reader and the objective of the job should be stated very clearly.
In a networking letter, the request should be made very clearly.
The cover letter should be like a preview to the resume which is dynamic and attention grabbing. A cover letter is the summary of the most important and relevant information in the resume. Since the cover letter should contain information in an accessible manner, it should be clear, concise and to the point, personalized, catching the attention at first sight, linking the skills and experience and call for an action.
Summary1. A resume is a selling tool – selling you!
2. It should be short, accurate, concise and above all relevant
3. It can be chronological, function based or combination of both
4. It should be accomplishment centered – making you stand out from the crowd
5. It should have a clean legible font, simple bullets such as Arial, printed on good paper if required
6. A covering letter should add a personal touch – creates the first impression
7. Should fit on one page and have approximately 3 – 4 paragraphs maximum
Always remember what you write in a covering letter and resume in case you get called to an interview.